How do computer chips work?

Computer chip means CPU or processor, the full form of which is the Central Processing Unit which is called the brain of a computer. All the processing work of the computer is done by the CPU.

To understand how this chip works, let's first see what is inside a computer chip?

At the core of a chip are transistors. A transistor is a type of electrical switch. A chip contains millions of transistors. Each transistor can be in two states, on and off. Everything a computer does is based on the binary number system. Binary number system is a number system that has only two numbers 1 and 0. The reason for using binary is that the transistor can only be in two states. The ON state of a transistor is denoted by 1 and the OFF state by 0.

Transistors turn on or off according to the binary sequence for each of our commands. Each transistor can hold one bit. A bit is each digit in binary. Any computer operation is converted into binary then the computer chip can understand and process them to output.

When we do something on the computer, suppose I typed A from the keyboard but the computer doesn't understand A. The value of A in binary is 01000001, some computer program decodes A and sends this 8 bit binary number to the processor. The 8 transistors of the processor are then on or off according to the sequence of binary bits. Again, even if we do any calculation, the numbers based on decimal 10 are converted into binary, then the computer chip calculates and sends the output in binary, but the full display on the computer monitor.

Different computer programs or software are written in different programming languages. The code is compiled into binary by the compiler and sent to the chip as an instruction set. With the help of millions of transistors inside the chip, they are processed and the output comes to us.

A strange thing is that any work of our computer is done with the help of mathematics. Everything we do goes to one level and becomes binary, then a chip does arithmetic operations between the binary bits.